[图文]CH-46“海骑士”直升机

　　CH-46"海骑士"运输直升机(Sea Knight)首飞于1958年，正式服役于美国海军则在1960年.担任运输物资人员等任务.虽然并非是特种作战飞机却经常执行一些特种行动.

　　CH-46直升机是美国海军陆战队最主要的战斗攻击直升机之一，这种直升机外形有点像公共汽车，双螺旋桨，海军陆战队主要用它把部队从舰上运到岸上，或把部队从营地运到作战前沿位置。而美国海军则用这种直升机把装备运到舰上或执行搜索与救援任务。

　　CH-46直升机由美国“波音公司”制造，1964年服役，使得它比现在驾驶它的大部分飞行员年龄都要大。但在整个服役期内，CH-46直升机问题多多，命运时起时落。由于时间太长，老是出现一些故障。由于故事频繁，加上又不能弃之不用，所以美军只得经常进行检查，而且海军陆战队下令每架CH-46每次只能载12人而不是原来规定的25人，所以现在每小时飞行的代价比以前上升了75%。

　　在越南战争期间，这种直升机发挥了极大的作用。CH-46初次服役是在越南战争时期，一开始用于从海军舰只上向陆上运送部队和货物，或者从陆上送到舰上，另外还执行了成千上万次救护受伤陆战队员的任务。自从越战以来，CH-46几乎参加了所有美军大型的军事行动，包括2001年的阿富汗战争，以及正在进行的对伊战争。

　　性能参数：

　　机组成员：4名

　　具备初始作战能力的时间：1964年

　　拥有数量：324架

　　机长：13.7米

　　旋翼直径：15.31米

　　起飞重量：11032.2公斤

　　最大速度：268.25公里/小时

　　航程：176公里(单程)

　　续航时间：2小时(CH-46D)

　　1.75小时(CH—46E)

　　武器：2门MZ(25.4毫米)或M60(70毫米)机炮(只装备CH—46E飞机)

　　Mission: The mission of the CH-46E Sea Knight helicopter in a Marine Medium Helicopter (HMM) squadron is to provide all-weather, day/night, night vision goggle (NVG) assault transport of combat troops, supplies, and equipment during amphibious and subsequent operations ashore. Troop assault is the primary function and the movement of supplies and equipment is secondary. Additional tasks are: combat and assault support for evacuation operations and other maritime special operations; over-water search and rescue augmentation; support for mobile forward refueling and rearming points; aeromedical evacuation of casualties from the field to suitable medical facilities.

　　Background:The CH-46 Sea Knight was first procured in 1964 to meet the medium-lift requirements of the Marine Corps in Viet Nam with a program buy of 600 aircraft. The aircraft has served the Marine Corps in all combat and peacetime environments. However, normal airframe operational and attrition rates have taken the assets to the point where a medium lift replacement is required. The safety and capability upgrades are interim measures to allow continued safe and effective operation of the Sea Knight fleet until a suitable replacement is fielded.

　　Primary function: Medium lift assault helicopter

　　Manufacturer: Boeing Vertol Company

　　Power plant: (2) GE-T58-16 engines

　　Thrust:

　　Burst: 1870 shaft horsepower (SHP)

　　Continuous: 1770 SHP

　　Length:

　　Rotors unfolded: 84 feet, 4 inches (25.69 meters)

　　Rotors folded: 45 feet, 7.5 inches (13.89 meters)

　　Width:

　　Rotors unfolded: 51 feet (15.54 meters)

　　Rotors folded: 14 feet, 9 inches (4.49 meters)

　　Height:16 feet, 8 inches (5.08 meters)

　　Maximum takeoff weight:24,300 pounds (11,032 kilograms)

　　Range:132 nautical miles (151.8 miles) for an assault mission

　　Speed: 145 knots (166.75 miles per hour)

　　Ceiling: 10,000 feet (+)

　　Crew:

　　Normal: 4 - pilot, copilot, crew chief, and 1st mechanic

　　Combat: 5 - pilot, copilot, crew chief, and 2 aerial gunners

　　Payload:

　　Combat: maximum of 14 troops with aerial gunners

　　Medical evacuation: 15 litters and 2 attendants

　　Cargo: maximum of 4,000 pound (2270 kilograms) external load

　　Introduction date:January 1978

　　Unit Replacement Cost: No current medium-lift replacement, would not replace.

　　Inventory: 239

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